Subject of study. Waveguide holographic periscopes (WHPs) for large-size augmented reality displays and their optical parameters and holographic recording schemes are studied. Aim of study. The aims of this study are to model, develop, and fabricate test samples of WHPs for large-scale augmented reality systems. Methods. The main methods used are computer modeling of waveguide diffraction gratings (WDGs) and holographic recording of large-size relief-phase DGs. At first, several types of waveguide diffractive periscopes used in augmented reality displays are investigated and compared. Based on this analysis, an original optical layout and system configuration that best meet the functional requirements of a head-up display (HUD) are proposed. Subsequently, experimental investigations are conducted, involving the recording and copying of large-size WDGs, which are the main element of WHPs, working here as exit-pupil multiplexers. Main results. Original software for modeling WHPs is developed to analyze known optical configurations, and a new, more optimal configuration is proposed. Additionally, recording and replication schemes for large-size (up to 300mm×250mm) WHPs are developed. A unique experimental HUD prototype based on large-size WHPs is designed and fabricated as well. The dimensions and weight of the prototype, which has a total mass of less than 5 kg, are significantly lower than those of classical systems. The achieved HUD parameters include an eye relief of up to 900 mm, exit pupil size of up to 250 mm × 300 mm, and angular field-of-view of up to 25° (diagonally). The system operates with a standard incoherent projection source in the spectral range of 510–540 nm. Practical significance. The developed HUD prototype represents a working augmented reality display for vehicles, distinguished by its compact dimensions, low weight, and high optical performance. The feasibility of mass production of WHPs and related components is demonstrated.
Putilin et al. (Tue,) studied this question.