Acute Effects of Dynamic Warm-up on Vertical Jump Performance, Spike Velocity, and Dynamic Balance in Male Professional Volleyball Players

OBJECTIVES This study compared the acute effects of three warm-up conditions (control, static stretching, and dynamic stretching) on vertical jump performance, spike velocity, and dynamic balance in male professional volleyball players.METHODS Seven male professional volleyball players completed three experimental conditions in a repeated-measures crossover design: control, static stretching, and dynamic stretching. Vertical jump performance was assessed using a Vertec™ Jump Trainer, spike velocity using a portable radar gun, and dynamic balance using the Y-Balance Test. Differences among conditions were analyzed using repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests.RESULTS A significant main effect of warm-up condition was found for vertical jump performance (F(2, 12) = 7.16, pp = 0.009, ηp² = 0.55), with greater performance in the dynamic stretching condition than in the static stretching condition (p < 0.05). Dynamic balance also differed significantly among conditions (F(2, 12) = 8.51, p = 0.005, ηp² = 0.59), with a higher Y-Balance composite score in the dynamic stretching condition than in the control condition (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for mean spike velocity (F(2, 12) = 1.25, p = 0.320) or peak spike velocity (F(2, 12) = 3.56, p = 0.061).CONCLUSIONS Dynamic stretching acutely enhanced vertical jump performance relative to static stretching and improved dynamic balance relative to the control condition in male professional volleyball players. No statistically significant difference was observed for spike velocity; however, given the small sample size, the possibility of insufficient statistical power cannot be excluded.