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May 8, 2026Neurology IndiaOpen Access

Long-Term Outcome of Aquaporin 4-Positive Neuro Myelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Efficacy of Long-Term Immunosuppression – A Single-Center Study from South India

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Authors

SKShivaram Rao KomandlaSYSireesha YareedaSTSurya Prabha Turaga

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Overview

Ambispective observational study reveals effective long-term immunosuppression strategies in AQP4+NMOSD patients, suggesting improved outcomes with RTX.

Key Points

  • This study evaluates the effectiveness of long-term immunosuppression in patients with aquaporin 4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
  • Ambispective observational study conducted at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, India, over 10 years.
  • Included 52 AQP4+NMOSD patients with collected data on clinical profile, relapse rates, and treatment details.
  • Immunosuppressive therapies evaluated: methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate, and rituximab.
  • Post-treatment annualized relapse rates for rituximab, azathioprine, mycophenolate, and methotrexate were 0, 0.16, 0, and 0.36 respectively.
  • Rituximab showed the most significant reduction in relapse rates and better overall outcomes compared to other treatments.
  • Median expanded disability status scale improved from 6.63 at onset to 3 at last follow-up.

Cite This Study

Komandla et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69fd7e90bfa21ec5bbf06ccfhttps://doi.org/10.4103/neurol-india.neurol-india-d-25-00278
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Discontinuing immunotherapy in aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Relapse risk and disability outcomes after treatment withdrawal2026
  2. 2RELAPSE OF NMO NEGATIVE NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA SPECTRUM DISORDER IN A MIDDLE AGED INDIAN FEMALE-A CASE REPORT2024
  3. 3Relapse-related outcomes in the Danish population-based AQP4- antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder cohort2026
  4. 4Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Aquaporin-4 Immunoglobulin G–Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder After Satralizumab Failure2026
  5. 5Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated with cutaneous lupus and multidrug immunosuppressant hypersensitivity2026 · 1 citations