Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Diseases Among Hispanic/Latino Individuals of Diverse Backgrounds in the United States
Population
15,079 US Hispanic/Latino individuals aged 18 to 74 years of diverse backgrounds.
Design
Cross-sectional
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
High CV risk factor burden in US Hispanics/Latinos warrants clinical awareness; leaves open targeted prevention research by subgroup and acculturation.
Key Points
- To describe the prevalence of major cardiovascular disease risk factors, coronary heart disease, and stroke across diverse US Hispanic and Latino backgrounds and examine their associations with socioeconomic status and acculturation.
- Multicenter, prospective, population-based cohort study (HCHS/SOL) analyzing 15,079 participants aged 18 to 74 years across six Hispanic/Latino backgrounds enrolled between March 2008 and June 2011.
- Evaluated guideline-defined hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and smoking alongside self-reported coronary heart disease and stroke.
- Analyzed cross-sectional associations of adverse risk factors with cardiovascular disease, education, and acculturation metrics including nativity, duration of US residence, and language preference.
- At least one cardiovascular risk factor was present in 80% of men and 71% of women, with Puerto Rican participants exhibiting the highest age-standardized rates of obesity (40.9% men, 51.4% women), smoking (34.7% men, 31.7% women), and ≥3 risk factors (25.0%).
- Having 3 or more risk factors was significantly higher (P < .001) among participants with less education (16.1%), US-born individuals (18.5%), US residence ≥10 years (15.7%), and English language preference (17.9%).
- Self-reported CHD and stroke rates were low overall (men: 4.2% and 2.0%; women: 2.4% and 1.2%), but multivariable-adjusted models showed significant associations with risk factors including hypertension, smoking, obesity, and diabetes (ORs, 1.5–2.6).
Structured PICO
P
Population
15,079 US Hispanic/Latino individuals aged 18 to 74 years of diverse backgrounds (Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Central American, and South American).
O
Outcome
Prevalence of major CVD risk factors (hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and smoking) and CVD (coronary heart disease and stroke)
A high proportion of US Hispanic/Latino adults have adverse cardiovascular risk factors, with significant variation by specific background, socioeconomic status, and acculturation level.
Cite This Study
Daviglus et al. (2012) studied this question.