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Enantiopure tetra-ortho-substituted biphenyl phosphinoimine ligands (R(a),S)-3 and (S(a),S)-3 were synthesized via multistep reactions. The first asymmetric addition reactions of arylboronic acids to N-benzylisatin catalyzed by Pd(OAc)(2) and (R(a),S)-3 were studied to provide 3-aryl-3-hydroxyoxindoles in moderate yields and enantioselectivities.
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Lai et al. (2008) studied this question.
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