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A direct C3-cyanation protocol for indole derivatives has been established using cyanobenziodoxolone (CBX) as the cyanating reagent and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as the solvent. This transformation proceeds efficiently under mild, catalyst-free, and inert-atmosphere-free conditions, providing a practical approach for the C3-cyanation of electronically favored indole substrates.
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Li et al. (2026) studied this question.
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