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Study computes eigenvalues of the Hessian in granular entropic physics, indicating a saddle point structure.
We compute the 9x9 Hessian of the Wilson plaquette action for SU(2) gauge field fluctuations above the frustrated vacuum on the GEP diamond lattice. The vacuum holonomies U_0 = i sigma dot e_k (pi-rotations geometrically selected by parity obstruction) produce a non-trivial background with Tr(W_0) = -10/27 and frustration energy S_0 = 64/27 per hexagonal plaquette. The Hessian is constructed via background-field expansion U = U_0 V, using the adjoint rotation R_kᵃᵇ = 2 e_k^a e_k^b - deltaᵃᵇ. After summing over all four hexagon classes, numerical diagonalisation yields eigenvalues {-1.12, -0.06, +0.19, +0.19, +0.30, +1.78, +1.78, +2.04, +10.90}: two negative and seven positive. The frustrated vacuum is therefore a saddle point of the Wilson action, not a minimum. Colour-space factorisation Kᵃᵇ{mu nu} = A deltaᵃᵇ delta{mu nu} does not hold even after S_4 tetrahedral averaging. The two unstable eigenvectors are intrinsically colour-space mixed, confirming that the frustration genuinely entangles internal gauge and external spatial degrees of freedom. The saddle-point structure is consistent with the known tension between the Wilson action (which prefers trivial holonomy phi = 0) and the parity obstruction (which geometrically enforces phi = pi). The paper explicitly states what is not claimed: no proof of mass gap, confinement, cosmological constant, or 4D recovery. The full Hessian matrix and reproducible computation script are provided.
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Štěpán Sekanina (2026) studied this question.
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