Thrombin Generation Is Associated with Venous Thromboembolism Recurrence, but Not with Major Bleeding and Death in the Elderly: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flow diagram of patients included in the study. APC, activated protein C; TF, tissue factor; TM, thrombomodulin; VTE, venous thromboembolism.

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  Figure 2. Thrombin generation parameters in patients under anticoagulation and not under anticoagulation 12 months after the index venous thromboembolism (VTE) at 1 pM TF with and without thrombomodulin (TM). (A), Peak and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) with TM. (B), Peak and ETP ratio with/without TM. (C), Peak and ETP ratio with/without TM normalized with reference plasma. The red boxes indicate patients with VTE recurrence and the blue boxes, those without VTE recurrence up to 24 months following the index VTE. Box plots of thrombin generation parameters are presented as median with interquartile range (5–95%). Groups were compared using Mann–Whitney U test. ns, not significant; *, p < 0.05.

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  Figure 3. Thrombin generation parameters in patients under anticoagulation and not under anticoagulation 12 months after index venous thromboembolism (VTE) at 1 pM TF without thrombomodulin (TM). The red boxes indicate patients who had a major bleeding event and the blue boxes, those without major bleeding up to 24 months following the index VTE. Box plots of thrombin generation parameters are presented as median with interquartile range (5–95%) as indicated. Groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. ETP, endogenous potential; ns, not significant; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.

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  Figure 4. Cumulative incidence rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence, major bleeding, and mortality in patients under anticoagulation versus not under anticoagulation 1 year after the index VTE. The cumulative incidence rates of VTE recurrence (A), major bleeding (B), and mortality (C) were estimated with the Kaplan–Meier method, and survivor functions across groups were compared by use of the log-rank test. AC, anticoagulation, T2, 1 year after the index VTE.