The clinical implication of new‐onset in‐hospital atrial fibrillation in patients with acute decompensated heart failure

Figures

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  FIGURE 1. Patient flow diagram. Study patients were categorized into two groups based on the history of AF: the Control group (No AF was detected before admission and during hospitalization, n = 278), and the In‐hos‐AF group (Without history of AF, and AF occurred during hospitalization, n = 58)

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  FIGURE 2. A, The time duration from admission to the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF). Fifty‐six percent of the In‐hos‐AF group patients (33 of 58 patients) experienced AF occurrence within a week after admission. B, The time duration from AF onset till termination. Fifty‐one of fifty‐eight patients of the In‐hos‐AF group patients (88%) experienced AF termination within 5 days after the onset of AF. C, The reaction against the new‐onset AF. D, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for AF recurrence after discharge

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  FIGURE 3. A, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for rehospitalization due to HF between the Control and the In‐hos‐AF groups. A total of 100 rehospitalizations due to worsening of HF were reported. B, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for cardiac death. The modes of cardiac death were heart failure (35 cases), sudden cardiac death (14 cases), ventricular tachyarrhythmia (six cases) and acute coronary syndrome (one case). The total numbers of cardiac deaths in each group was 50 in the Control group and six in the In‐hos‐AF group (P = 0.156). C, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for all‐cause death. The modes of all‐cause deaths other than cardiac death were pneumoniae (10 cases), malignant tumor (15 cases), infection (four cases), cerebrovascular infarction (four cases), cerebrovascular hemorrhage (three cases), old age (three cases), gastrointestinal hemorrhage (two cases), rupture of aortic aneurysm (two cases), suicide (one case), dehydration (one case), ileus (one case), liver cirrhosis (one cases), and unknown cause (one case).The total numbers of all‐cause deaths in each group was 84 in the Control group and 20 in the In‐hos‐AF group (P = 0.460). D, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for cerebrovascular events. The patient…

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  FIGURE 4. Comparison of clinical outcomes based on whether or not AF recurred in patients in the In‐hos‐AF group. A, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for rehospitalization due to HF between No AF recurrence and the AF recurrence groups. Rehospitalization due to HF was highly detected in the AF recurrence group than those in the No AF recurrence group (P = 0.018). B, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for cardiac death. More patients in the AF recurrence group suffered from cardiac deaths than those in the No AF recurrence group. C, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for all‐cause death. There was no statistical significance in all‐cause deaths between the groups (P = 0.051). D, Kaplan‐Meier analysis for cerebrovascular events. No statistical difference was found between the two groups (P = 0.985)