Key result
INOCA predominantly affects women and requires adequate diagnosis and treatment to improve symptoms and prognosis.
Why the study?
INOCA is often overlooked in current cardiology practice because standard ischaemia detection tests and coronary angiograms are not suitable to diagnose underlying coronary vascular dysfunction.
INOCA is a prevalent but underdiagnosed condition that requires specific invasive diagnostic testing and tailored pharmacological management to improve patient outcomes.
Supports greater diagnostic vigilance for INOCA; leaves open optimal therapies pending prospective trials.
Ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is a common ischaemic heart disease with a female preponderance, mostly due to underlying coronary vascular dysfunction comprising coronary microvascular dysfunction and/or epicardial coronary vasospasm. Since standard ischaemia detection tests and coronary angiograms are not suitable to diagnose coronary vascular dysfunction, INOCA is often overlooked in current cardiology practice. Future research, including large outcome trials, is much awaited. Yet, adequate diagnosis is possible and treatment options are available and vital to reduce symptoms and most probably improve cardiovascular prognosis. This review intends to give a brief overview of the clinical presentation, underlying pathophysiology, and the diagnostic and treatment options in patients with suspected INOCA.
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Konst et al. (2020) conducted a review in Ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA). Ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is a common condition with a female preponderance that requires adequate diagnosis and treatment to reduce symptoms and improve prognosis.
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