Why the study?
Data regarding immune activation and arterial stiffness among persons living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa were lacking, particularly in lean individuals.
Does HIV infection and immune activation increase arterial stiffness in lean adults on long-term antiretroviral therapy?
Comparison
HIV-positive adults on ART >5 years vs HIV-negative controls
Design
Cross-sectional study
Key result
Lean adults with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy had a higher median carotid-femoral augmentation index (21.1% vs. 6.0%) and increased immune activation compared to HIV-negative persons.
Authors
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Arterial stiffness was associated with HIV and immune activation in lean patients on ART; hypothesis-generating and leaves open clinical event risk.
Cross-Sectional (n=74)
No
Does HIV infection and immune activation increase arterial stiffness in lean adults on long-term antiretroviral therapy?
Absolute Event Rate: 21.1% vs 6%
p-value: p=0.04
Lean adults with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy exhibit increased immune activation and arterial stiffness compared to HIV-negative controls, highlighting cardiovascular risk even in non-obese patients.
Kaluba et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in HIV (n=74). HIV infection (on long-term ART) vs. HIV-negative was evaluated on Carotid-femoral augmentation index (cfAiX) (p=0.04). Lean adults with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy had a higher median carotid-femoral augmentation index (21.1% vs. 6.0%) and increased immune activation compared to HIV-negative persons.