Key result
Clofibrate reduces inflammation and apoptosis to partially preserve myocardial function in a rat MI model.
Why the study?
Current pharmacological treatments have failed to reverse ischemic-induced cardiac damage resulting from prolonged post-myocardial infarction inflammation and remodeling.
Does clofibrate treatment decrease inflammation and reverse ventricular remodeling in a rodent model of myocardial infarction?
Does clofibrate treatment decrease inflammation and reverse ventricular remodeling in a rodent model of myocardial infarction?
In a rodent model of myocardial infarction, clofibrate treatment attenuates cardiac remodeling, reduces inflammation, and preserves myocardial function.
Hypothesis-generating in rodent MI model; leaves open whether clofibrate attenuates remodeling in humans.
Myocardial infarction (MI) initiates an inflammatory response that promotes both beneficial and deleterious effects. The early response helps the myocardium to remove damaged tissue; however, a prolonged later response brings cardiac remodeling characterized by functional, metabolic, and structural pathological changes. Current pharmacological treatments have failed to reverse ischemic-induced cardiac damage. Therefore, our aim was to study if clofibrate treatment was capable of decreasing inflammation and apoptosis, and reverse ventricular remodeling and MI-induced functional damage. Male Wistar rats were assigned to (1) Sham coronary artery ligation (Sham) or (2) Coronary artery ligation (MI). Seven days post-MI, animals were further divided to receive vehicle (V) or clofibrate (100 mg/kg, C) for 7 days. The expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and inflammatory related molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP-2 and -9, nuclear NF-kB, and iNOS, were elevated in MI-V. These inflammatory biomarkers decreased in MI-C. Also, apoptotic proteins (Bax and pBad) were elevated in MI-V, while clofibrate augmented anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and 14-3-3ε). Clofibrate also protected MI-induced changes in ultra-structure. The ex vivo evaluation of myocardial functioning showed that left ventricular pressure and mechanical work decreased in infarcted rats; clofibrate treatment raised those parameters to control values. Echocardiogram showed that clofibrate partially reduced LV dilation. In conclusion, clofibrate decreases cardiac remodeling, decreases inflammatory molecules, and partly preserves myocardial diameters.
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Ibarra-Lara et al. (2019) studied Myocardial infarction. Clofibrate vs. Vehicle was evaluated on Inflammation, apoptosis, ventricular remodeling, and functional damage. Clofibrate treatment (100 mg/kg) decreased inflammatory molecules, reduced apoptosis, and partially preserved myocardial diameters and function in a rat model of myocardial infarction.
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