Natriuretic peptides as biomarkers and therapeutic target in heart failure

Cardiovascular illnesses have the potential to result in the development of heart failure (HF), a fatal phenomenon that can manifest in various forms, making diagnosis and treatment a complex challenge. The current therapeutic approaches for patients with HF are established according to their clinical presentation and echocardiographic measurements. Nevertheless, this method fails to consider the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Hence, the utilisation of natriuretic peptides (NPs) in conjunction with clinical assessment and echocardiographic outcomes as markers for selecting the optimal treatment for HF, considering the underlying pathophysiology of the condition and current strategies, will contribute to the formulation of future guidelines aimed at enhancing the management of HF. This review study critically analyses the most recent scholarly studies pertaining to natriuretic peptides and their therapeutic implications in the management of both acute and chronic HF. Moreover, we touch up on the clinically available NPs based medication and challenges comes with them in the management of HF. By evaluating the potential of these biomarkers, the study aims to provide a critical analysis of their value in outlining future therapies for HF. The findings are expected to contribute to improving patient outcomes and enhance the quality of provide care for HF patients.