Electrocardiogram: his bundle potentials can be recorded noninvasively beat by beat on surface electrocardiogram

Fig. 1. The “new electrocardiogram” and “conventional electrocardiogram” are recorded simultaneously. The upper lead is “new electrocardiogram” and the lower is “conventional electrocardiogram” in lead V5. New wavelets are clearly recorded before P wave (a), before QRS complex (b) and after QRS complex (c)

Fig. 2. According to the micro-wavelets before QRS complex, PR interval is the summation of three intervals: PAs interval (the time interval from the initiation of the P wave to the first notch of the P wave), AHs interval (the time interval from the first notch of the P wave to the initiation of the second wavelet closed to the QRS complex) and HVs interval (the time interval from the initiation of the second wavelet closed to the QRS complex to the start of the QRS complex). PAs indicates that PA interval recorded on surface electrocardiogram; AHs indicates that AH interval recorded on surface electrocardiogram; HVs indicates that HV interval recorded on surface electrocardiogram

Fig. 3. Comparative study of PAs, AHs and HVs interval recorded on “New electrocardiogram” and PA, AH and HV interval recorded on His bundle electrogram. Compared with intracardiac electrophysiology study, ▲ indicates P < 0.05

Fig. 4. Comparative study of PAs, AHs and HVs interval recorded on “New electrocardiogram” and PA, AH and HV interval recorded on His bundle electrogram in one subject. a shows the new electrocardiogram (upper trace) and conventional electrocardiogram (lower trace). b shows the His bundle electrogram. The PAs, AHs and HVs intervals on new electrocardiogram are consistent with the intra-atrial measurement (PA, AH and HV interval). Figure is representative of one subject with similar results

Fig. 5. Pearson correlation analysis between PAs, AHs, HVs, PRs interval recorded on “new electrocardiogram” and PA, AH, HV, PR interval recorded on His bundle electrogram. a shows Pearson correlation analysis between PAs interval and PA interval; b shows Pearson correlation analysis between AHs interval and AH interval; c shows Pearson correlation analysis between HVs interval and HV interval; d shows Pearson correlation analysis between PRs interval and PR interval; PAs was significantly positively associated with PA interval (r = 0.800; P < 0.01); AHs interval was significantly positively associated with AH interval (r = 0.792; P < 0.01); HVs interval was significantly positively associated with HV interval (r = 0.929; P < 0.01); PRs interval was significantly positively associated with PR interval (r = 0.839; P < 0.001)