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This research aims to quantify the effects of material sourcing and rammed technology on the compressive properties of heritage rammed earth.

May 22, 2026CoatingsOpen Access

Compressive Properties of Rammed Earth at Ming Great Wall Sites in Northwest China: Effects of Material Sourcing and Rammed Technology

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Evaluates compressive properties in rammed earth, indicating how sourcing and technology affect heritage preservation.

This research aims to quantify the effects of material sourcing and rammed technology on the compressive properties of heritage rammed earth.
Investigated undisturbed rammed earth from 15 Ming Great Wall sites in Northwest China.
Combined techniques: 3D scanning, particle-size analysis, uniaxial compression testing, mesoscopic structural observation, and DEM analysis.
Analyzed regional differences in material characteristics and rammed technology parameters.
Peak stress values ranged from 0.48 to 1.01 MPa, with failure strain from 0.03 to 0.07.
Clear regional trends showed decreasing dry density and silt fraction from extreme aridity to semi-humidity.
Regression analysis indicated strong relationships (R2 > 0.75) between material, rammed technology, and mesoscopic structural parameters.

Ge et al. (2026) studied this question.

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