Longitudinal Shortening of the Left Ventricle by Cine-CMR for Assessment of Diastolic Function in Patients with Aortic Valve Disease

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Longitudinal displacement of the atrioventricular junction (AVJ). The same four- chamber slice is shown in three different cardiac phases during AVJ rapid movement: A and B, C and D, E and F. On the left column the arrowhead represents the reference used by Saba et al.9 and the thin arrow shows the anatomical reference used in the present study. Note that when the cardiac motion is faster (small arrow in C and D), we could not precisely identify the site of the mitral valve insertion; however, the adjacent coronary sinus wall is still well defined. On the right column, we showed the lines used for the LV longitudinal measurements on this study (thinner line) and by Saba et al.9 (thicker line)

• 

  Figure 2. Atrioventricular junction (AVJ) displacement-versus-time plot of the normal controls. AVJ position at multiple time points during the cardiac cycle. Error bars represent one standard deviation above and below the mean. MD: maximum displacement; MVED: maximum velocity early diastole; VDS: velocity in diastasis.

• 

  Figure 3. Displacement-versus-time plot in normal controls (A) and aortic valve disease patients (B). Error bars represent one standard deviation above and below the mean. AVD: aortic valve disease.

• 

  Figure 4. Box plots of the variables of atrioventricular junction motion in patients with aortic valve disease and healthy volunteers. In both groups, the box plots display the sample minimum (lower whisker), lower quartile (lower box subdivision), median (horizontal band), upper quartile (upper box subdivision), and sample maximum (upper whisker) for each of the AVJ motion variables - maximum displacement (MD); maximum velocity early diastole (MVED); velocity diastasis (VDS) and VDS/MVED. Circles indicate outliers (p < 0.0001 for all)

• 

  Figure 5. Interobserver comparison of maximum displacement measures in normal controls (A) and patients with aortic valve disease (AVD) (B).