Transcatheter closure of the right atrioventricular valve in a double-inlet left ventricle patient following fontan operation

Figures

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  Figure 1. a) Transthoracic echocardiographic image showing right AV valve regurgitation, b) Measurement of the atrial septal defect diameter, c) Transesophageal echocardiographic image of the right AV valve before closure, d, e) Two-dimensional and color Doppler transesophageal images after AV valve closure, f) Three-dimensional transesophageal image after AV valve closure. AV: Atrioventricular.

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  Figure 2. a) Cardiac anatomy imaged with simultaneous contrast injection through catheters in the Fontan conduit and right atrium, b) Transseptal puncture through the extracardiac Fontan conduit and right atrial free wall using an 8F Mullins transseptal introducer sheath and a Brockenbrough curved needle, c) Contrast injection after crossing the Fontan conduit to delineate atrial anatomy, d) Catheter advanced over the guidewire into the right atrium after loop formation, e) Closure of the right AV valve using the Occlutech PFO device, f) Final position of the PFO device after AV valve closure. PFO: Patent foramen ovale; AV: Atrioventricular.