Key result
Targeting immunometabolism offers a potential strategy to promote cardioprotection in ischemic and cardiometabolic disease.
Why the study?
Although understanding of immunometabolism has advanced, there remains much to learn about the contributions of in vivo immunometabolism directly within the myocardium during sterile ischemic injury or cardiometabolic disease.
This review highlights the emerging role of immunometabolism in sterile ischemic cardiac injury and cardiometabolic disease, emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic target to prevent heart failure.
Potential immunometabolic targets require clinical validation before practice change; extends mechanistic understanding in ischemic injury.
Immune cell function among the myocardium, now more than ever, is appreciated to regulate cardiac function and pathophysiology. This is the case for both innate immunity, which includes neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages, as well as adaptive immunity, which includes T cells and B cells. This function is fueled by cell-intrinsic shifts in metabolism, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as metabolite availability, which originates from the surrounding extracellular milieu and varies during ischemia and metabolic syndrome. Immune cell crosstalk with cardiac parenchymal cells, such as cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, is also regulated by complex cellular metabolic circuits. Although our understanding of immunometabolism has advanced rapidly over the past decade, in part through valuable insights made in cultured cells, there remains much to learn about contributions of in vivo immunometabolism and directly within the myocardium. Insight into such fundamental cell and molecular mechanisms holds potential to inform interventions that shift the balance of immunometabolism from maladaptive to cardioprotective and potentially even regenerative. Herein, we review our current working understanding of immunometabolism, specifically in the settings of sterile ischemic cardiac injury or cardiometabolic disease, both of which contribute to the onset of heart failure. We also discuss current gaps in knowledge in this context and therapeutic implications.
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DeBerge et al. (2023) conducted a review in Cardiovascular disease (sterile ischemic cardiac injury, cardiometabolic disease). Immunometabolism regulates cardiac function during sterile ischemic injury and cardiometabolic disease, presenting a potential therapeutic target to shift from maladaptive to cardioprotective states.
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