Effect of dapagliflozin on serum N‐terminal fragment-proB‐type natriuretic peptide level in patient with acute decompensated heart failure

Aim . HF is a complex clinical syndrome that manifests with symptoms such as dyspnea (shortness of breath) and fatigue. It can arise from various conditions that impact ventricular filling (diastolic dysfunction) or myocardial contractility (systolic dysfunction). Additionally, clinical signs like pulmonary rales, peripheral edema, or distended jugular veins may be present. The aim of the present study was to observe the possible effect of dapagliflozin on serum NT-proBNP level in ADHF and its relationship with weight. Material and methods . Between October 2023 and April 2024, a study was conducted at AL-Nassiriyah Heart Center, in the coronary care unit (CCU), in Thi-­Qar city southern of Iraq. One hundred subjects both males and females were enrolled in study after describing the study's goals, gauging patient satisfaction, and getting informed consent from the subjects. 100 enrolled patients were divided into two groups: Control group (Group A) involved (50 patients), given intravenous (iv) furosemide (120 mg/day) and Studied group (Group B) involved (50 patients), given iv furosemide (120 mg/day) plus 10 mg dapagliflozin tablet daily. Results . It was found a significant reduction in body weight and BMI of patients during 4 th day of hospital admission compared with days of admission in both groups (A&B). However, body weight and BMI of group B patients during 4 th day of hospital admission were significantly lower compared to 4 th day of admission in group A. Serum NT-proBNP during 4 th day of admission in group B patients during 4 th day of admission were significantly lower compared to group A patients during 4 th day of admission. It was found that dapagliflozin, compared with control, reduced NT-proBNP levels in patients with HFrEF. Conclusion . Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening HF events and cardiovascular death, and improved symptoms, across the spectrum of baseline NT-proBNP levels. Also, it was confirmed the strong association between higher NT-proBNP levels and worse outcomes in HFrEF. Because body weight and NT-proBNP were decreased at 4 th day of drug treatment, fluid loss must have been induced at the same time. The present study has reported a positive effect of dapagliflozin to reduce level of NT-proBNP and weight in patient with ADHF.