Eficacy of Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study

Background: Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major clinical difficulty caused by the existence of restricted therapeutic alternatives. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, including dapagliflozin, have demonstrated possible benefits in the therapy of HF. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled study was performed on 80 patients with HFpEF at XXX Medical College Hospital. Patients ( N = 40) were allocated to receive dapagliflozin (10 mg daily) or conventional treatment ( N = 40) for 12 weeks. The standard treatment involved guideline-directed medical therapy, which included diuretics for alleviating symptoms, beta-blockers, and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers) for managing blood pressure and heart rate and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists when clinically recommended. The outcomes comprised Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) scores, left atrial (LA) size, N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) size. Results: In our investigation, the dapagliflozin group exhibited elevated LVEF and KCCQ scores and reduced NT-proBNP levels compared to the control group; yet, these differences lacked statistical significance ( P > 0.05). No significant alterations were detected in LVH or LA size in either cohort. The adverse effects observed in the dapagliflozin cohort were negligible and benign. Conclusion: This study investigated the efficacy of dapagliflozin in patients with HFpEF and noted quantitative enhancements in specific metrics. Although these data indicate a possible therapeutic effect, they are not definitive and necessitate validation in larger, statistically robust research.