Key result
Lower vitamin D correlates with increased PWV and LVMI, explaining ~28% of PWV variance.
Why the study?
Vitamin D deficiency is linked to cardiac dysfunction and vascular remodeling, but its association with cardiovascular organ damage and the role of insulin resistance in newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients needed evaluation.
Are vitamin D levels associated with subclinical cardiovascular damage (PWV and LVMI) in newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients?
Cross-Sectional (n=500)
Are vitamin D levels associated with subclinical cardiovascular damage (PWV and LVMI) in newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients?
Effect estimate: 28.3% (PWV) and 19.1% (LVMI) variance explained
p-value: p=<0.0001
Low vitamin D levels are strongly and inversely correlated with pulse wave velocity and left ventricular mass index in newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve hypertensive patients, suggesting it may be a biomarker of end-organ damage.
May support vitamin D as biomarker of subclinical damage in untreated hypertension; leaves open causal effects and supplementation benefit.
Vitamin D deficiency is linked to cardiac dysfunction, vascular remodeling, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance (IR). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular (CV) organ damage in a large cohort of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients, and the role of IR in this context. We enrolled 500 Caucasian individuals, without CV or renal complications. Subjects underwent a complete evaluation and measurements of vitamin D, standard laboratory determinations and instrumental examination, including echocardiography and applanation tonometry. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the correlation between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) with different covariates. PWV was significantly correlated with age (p < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (p < 0.0001), BMI (p = 0.001), pulse pressure (PP) (p = 0.005) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (p = 0.006), while an inverse correlation was observed with vitamin D levels (p < 0.0001), Matsuda index (p < 0.0001) and estimated glomerular filtration ratio (e-GFR) (p = 0.006). LVMI significantly correlated with PP (p < 0.0001), hs-CRP (p < 0, 0001) and age (p = 0.001), while an inverse relationship was observed with vitamin D levels (p < 0.0001), Matsuda’s insulin sensitivity index (ISI) (p < 0.0001) and e-GFR (p < 0.0001). Vitamin D was the strongest predictor of PWV and LVMI, explaining, respectively, 28.3% and 19.1% of their variation. Our study suggests that low vitamin D might be a biomarker of end-organ damage.
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Magurno et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Essential hypertension (n=500). Vitamin D levels was evaluated on Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (28.3% (PWV) and 19.1% (LVMI) variance explained, p=<0.0001). Vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with pulse wave velocity and left ventricular mass index, explaining 28.3% and 19.1% of their variation, respectively (p<0.0001).
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