Key result
Low peak systolic blood pressure during exercise linked to ~41% higher total and cardiovascular mortality.
Why the study?
The authors sought to update normative reference values for peak systolic blood pressure on graded exercise testing and evaluate its prognostic value in individuals without baseline cardiovascular disease.
Does peak systolic blood pressure during exercise testing predict mortality in patients without baseline cardiovascular disease?
Cohort (n=20,760)
Does peak systolic blood pressure during exercise testing predict mortality in patients without baseline cardiovascular disease?
Low peak systolic blood pressure during exercise testing is an independent predictor of higher total and cardiovascular mortality in patients without baseline cardiovascular disease.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Low peak exercise SBP may flag higher mortality risk without known CVD; hypothesis-generating for incremental prognostic value.
We sought to update norms for peak systolic blood pressure (SBP) on the graded exercise test and examine its prognostic value in patients without baseline cardiovascular disease. Mayo graded exercise test data (1993–2010) were reviewed for nonimaging tests using Bruce protocol, selecting Minnesota residents 30 to 79 years without baseline cardiovascular disease. We formed a pure cohort of patients without factors significantly affecting peak SBP to determine peak SBP percentile norms by age and sex. Then we divided the full cohort of patients into 5 groups based on peak SBP percentiles: low (<10th), borderline low (10th–25th), referent (25th–75th), borderline high (75th–90th), and high (>90th). The relationship between peak SBP and mortality was tested using Cox regression adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities affecting peak SBP or mortality. We identified 20 760 eligible patients with 7313 females (35%) and mean age 51.5±10.7 years. Our pure cohort included 7810 patients. Over 12.5±5.0 years follow-up, there were 1582 deaths, including 541 cardiovascular deaths. In the fully adjusted model, low-peak SBP was associated with increased total mortality (heart rate, 1.41 [1.19–1.66], P <0.0001) and cardiovascular mortality (heart rate, 1.54 [1.16–2.03], P =0.001), while borderline low-peak SBP was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality only (heart rate, 1.36 [1.02–1.81], P =0.027). High peak SBP was associated with increased total mortality only in the age-sex adjusted model (heart rate, 1.18 [1.02–1.36], P =0.026), not after full adjustment. We conclude that low exercise peak SBP is an independent predictor of higher total and cardiovascular mortality.
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Assaf et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Without baseline cardiovascular disease (n=20,760). Low peak systolic blood pressure (<10th percentile) vs. Referent peak SBP (25th-75th percentile) was evaluated on Total mortality (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.19-1.66, p=<0.0001). Low peak systolic blood pressure (<10th percentile) during exercise testing was associated with increased total mortality (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.19-1.66; P<0.0001) and cardiovascular mortality.
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