Key result
High soluble fibrin levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (HR 3.7) in Japanese patients receiving anticancer drug therapy.
Why the study?
Prospective studies evaluating risk factors for venous thromboembolism in Asian patients with cancer are limited.
Do blood biomarkers and clinical risk scores predict the occurrence of venous thromboembolism in Japanese patients with cancer receiving anticancer therapy?
Observational (n=200)
No
Do blood biomarkers and clinical risk scores predict the occurrence of venous thromboembolism in Japanese patients with cancer receiving anticancer therapy?
Effect estimate: HR 3.7 (95% CI 1.1-7.8)
Absolute Event Rate: 17% vs 6%
p-value: p=0.036
Measurement of blood biomarkers, particularly soluble fibrin, combined with clinical factors like pancreatic cancer and anemia, can effectively predict the risk of venous thromboembolism in Japanese cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Prospective studies on risk factors for the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Asian patients with cancer are limited. Therefore, the present study assessed risk factors for VTE, including multiple blood biomarkers and risk scores consisting of several risk factors, in Japanese patients receiving anticancer drug therapy. In this single-center, prospective, observational study, 200 patients with six types of cancer were enrolled and followed for 1 year to observe the occurrence of symptomatic or asymptomatic VTE. The present study evaluated risk factors, Khorana and Vienna cancer and thrombosis study (CATS) scores at enrollment, and longitudinal data on various blood biomarkers. A Vienna CATS score of ≥3 was significantly associated with VTE occurrence (HR, 2.8; 95% CI, 0.9-8.7; P=0.045). In multivariable analysis, there was a significant association between VTE and the presence of pancreatic cancer (HR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.1-8.8; P=0.028) and high soluble fibrin (HR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.1-7.8; P=0.036). Covariate analysis using the propensity score also showed a significant association with hemoglobin dichotomized at <100 g/l (HR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.1-14.0; P=0.034). Longitudinal data indicated that VTE was associated with soluble fibrin baseline values and an increase in D-dimer levels over time. The present results suggested that blood biomarkers are beneficial for predicting the risk of VTE in Japanese patients with cancer. The present study also provided novel evidence for the importance of measuring soluble fibrin in patients with cancer.
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Harada et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Unresectable cancer (pancreas, biliary tract, stomach, esophagus, colorectum, or lung) (n=200). High soluble fibrin (≥6.3 µg/ml) vs. Low soluble fibrin (<6.3 µg/ml) was evaluated on Occurrence of symptomatic or asymptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) (HR 3.7, 95% CI 1.1-7.8, p=0.036). High soluble fibrin levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (HR 3.7) in Japanese patients receiving anticancer drug therapy.
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