Key result
Surgical valve replacement links to varied quality of life, scoring highest psychologically and lowest physically.
Why the study?
Heart valve replacement is frequently performed to improve quality of life, but long-term quality-of-life outcomes needed evaluation in patients receiving valve prostheses.
Cross-Sectional (n=59)
No
Patients undergoing surgical valve replacement report varying quality of life across domains, with chronic diseases and nationality significantly impacting overall scores.
Physical QoL deficits after valve surgery merit targeted follow-up; cross-sectional data leaves open causal factors and intervention effects.
Background and objective Surgery for valvular heart disease by valve replacement procedures has become one of the most frequently performed cardiac operations to improve the quality of life (QoL). Its long-term outcomes are assessed using the quality-of-life index (QLI). This study aimed to evaluate the QoL in patients who received valve prostheses after surgery for valvular heart diseases at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah from 2010 to 2023. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 59 patients aged 18 years or older who underwent surgical mitral and aortic valve replacement, involving either mechanical or tissue valves, from January 2010 to May 2023 They were selected using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. Their medical records were reviewed and the participants were interviewed via phone using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, which was used to measure the QoL of patients (https://neurotoolkit.com/whoqol-bref/). Results The study found that the QoL of the participants varied across different domains. The psychological domain had the highest mean score of 79.76, while the physical domain had the lowest mean score of 61.5. The other domains, - social, environmental, and spiritual - had mean scores of 68.05, 69.9, and 73.25, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between the QoL and nationality and chronic diseases. However, the duration after surgery and the type of valve did not significantly correlate with the QoL in the different domains. Conclusion Based on our findings, heart valve replacement improves the QoL of patients. Healthcare organizations and providers should aim to improve the management of chronic diseases to optimize outcomes.
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Al-Ebrahim et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Valvular heart disease (n=59). Surgical valve replacement (mitral or aortic) was evaluated on Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF score). Surgical valve replacement resulted in varied quality of life scores across domains, with the psychological domain scoring highest (mean 79.76) and the physical domain scoring lowest (mean 61.5).
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