Key result
Enalapril plus exercise increases baroreflex sensitivity ~155% and attenuates BP variability in hypertensive rats.
Why the study?
The effects of concurrent exercise training combined with enalapril on blood pressure variability and renal profile in an experimental model of arterial hypertension and postmenopause were unknown.
Does enalapril combined with concurrent exercise training improve blood pressure variability and renal dysfunction in an experimental model of arterial hypertension and postmenopause?
Does enalapril combined with concurrent exercise training improve blood pressure variability and renal dysfunction in an experimental model of arterial hypertension and postmenopause?
Absolute Event Rate: 1.02% vs 0.4%
p-value: p=≤0.05
In a postmenopausal hypertensive rat model, combining enalapril with concurrent exercise training attenuated blood pressure variability and renal oxidative stress more effectively than either intervention alone.
Hypothesis-generating in postmenopausal hypertensive models; leaves open clinical translation to human postmenopausal hypertension.
Objective In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the concurrent exercise training (CET) associated with the enalapril maleate on blood pressure variability (BPV) and renal profile in an experimental model of arterial hypertension (AH) and postmenopause. Methods Female ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were distributed into 4 groups (n = 8/group): sedentary (SO), sedentary + enalapril (SOE), trained (TO) and trained + enalapril (TOE). Both enalapril (3mg/kg) and CET (3 days/week) were conducted during 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was directly recorded for BPV analyses. Renal function, morphology, inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed. Results The SOE, TO e TOE groups presented decreased systolic BP compared with SO. Both trained groups (TO and TOE) presented lower BPV and increased baroreflex sensitivity (TO: 0.76 ± 0.20 and TOE: 1.02 ± 0.40 vs. SO: 0.40 ± 0.07 ms/mmHg) compared with SO group, with additional improvements in TOE group. Creatinine and IL-6 levels were reduced in SOE, TO and TOE compared with SO group, while IL-10 was increased only in TOE group (vs. SO). Enalapril combined with CET promote reduction in lipoperoxidation (TOE: 1.37 ± 0.26 vs. SO: 2.08 ± 0.48 and SOE: 1.84 ± 0.35 μmol/mg protein) and hydrogen peroxide (TOE: 1.89 ± 0.40 vs. SO: 3.70 ± 0.19 and SOE: 2.73 ± 0.70 μM), as well as increase in catalase activity (vs. sedentary groups). The tubulointerstitial injury was lower in interventions groups (SOE, TO and TOE vs. SO), with potentialized benefits in the trained groups. Conclusions Enalapril combined with CET attenuated BPV and baroreflex dysfunctions, probably impacting on end-organ damage, as demonstrated by attenuation in the AH-induced renal inflammations, oxidative stress and morphofunctional impairments in postmenopausal rats.
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Silva et al. (2024) studied Arterial hypertension and postmenopause (animal model) (n=32). Enalapril + concurrent exercise training vs. Sedentary ovariectomized (SO) was evaluated on Baroreflex sensitivity (alpha index) (p=≤0.05). Enalapril combined with concurrent exercise training attenuated blood pressure variability and increased baroreflex sensitivity (1.02 vs 0.40 ms/mmHg) compared to sedentary controls in ovariectomized hypertensive rats.
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