Key result
3D-printed severe MAC valves show a ~240% increase in viscous energy dissipation during simulated exercise.
Why the study?
Patients with severe MAC develop transmitral gradients and symptoms similar to MS without commissural fusion, possibly driven by viscous energy dissipation from disturbed flow.
Does severe mitral annular calcification increase viscous energy dissipation and transmitral gradients compared to a normal mitral valve in an in-vitro model?
Does severe mitral annular calcification increase viscous energy dissipation and transmitral gradients compared to a normal mitral valve in an in-vitro model?
Absolute Event Rate: 240% vs 127%
p-value: p=<0.00001
In-vitro modeling shows that severe mitral annular calcification causes markedly increased viscous energy dissipation during exercise, providing a potential mechanism for exertional dyspnea in MAC patients.
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May explain exertional dyspnea in severe MAC; hypothesis-generating for clinical validation and interventions.
Wiener et al. (2021) studied Mitral annular calcification. 3D printed severe mitral annular calcification (MAC) valve vs. 3D printed normal mitral valve was evaluated on Increase in total viscous energy dissipation (TVED) during exercise (p=<0.00001). A 3D-printed severe mitral annular calcification valve exhibited a 240% increase in total viscous energy dissipation during simulated exercise compared to a 127% increase in a normal valve.
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