Key result
Exercise training slightly increases RMSSD and high-frequency HRV in sedentary healthy people.
Why the study?
To investigate the training-induced effect on cardiac parasympathetic nervous system activity, assessed by resting HRV and post-exercise HRR, in sedentary healthy people.
Does exercise training improve cardiac-parasympathetic nervous system activity in sedentary healthy people?
Meta-Analysis
Does exercise training improve cardiac-parasympathetic nervous system activity in sedentary healthy people?
Effect estimate: SMD 0.57 (95% CI 0.23-0.91)
Exercise training increases cardiac parasympathetic nervous system modulation, as measured by resting heart rate variability, in sedentary healthy individuals.
Exercise modestly augments parasympathetic tone via HRV in sedentary healthy adults; reinforces training benefits in meta-analytic evidence.
The aim of this study was to investigate the training-induced effect on cardiac parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity, assessed by resting heart rate variability (HRV) and post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR), in sedentary healthy people. Electronic searches were carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Random-effects models of between-group standardised mean difference (SMD) were estimated. Heterogeneity analyses were performed by means of the chi-square test and I2 index. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed to investigate the influence of potential moderator variables on the training-induced effect. The results showed a small increase in RMSSD (SMD+ = 0.57 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23, 0.91]) and high frequency (HF) (SMD+ = 0.21 [95% CI = 0.01, 0.42]) in favour of the intervention group. Heterogeneity tests reached statistical significance for RMSSD and HF (p ≤ 0.001), and the inconsistency was moderate (I2 = 68% and 60%, respectively). We found higher training-induced effects on HF in studies that performed a shorter intervention or lower number of exercise sessions (p ≤ 0.001). Data were insufficient to investigate the effect of exercise training on HRR. Exercise training increases cardiac PNS modulation in sedentary people, while its effect on PNS tone requires future study.
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Casanova‐Lizón et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in Sedentary healthy people. Exercise training vs. Control was evaluated on Cardiac parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity assessed by resting heart rate variability (RMSSD) (SMD 0.57, 95% CI 0.23-0.91). Exercise training produced a small increase in RMSSD (SMD 0.57; 95% CI 0.23-0.91) and high frequency HRV (SMD 0.21; 95% CI 0.01-0.42) in sedentary healthy people.
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