Key result
High-density biatrial epicardial mapping in 12 patients with persistent AF revealed multiple foci in 11 patients, with intermittency explained by spontaneous pauses or other wave fronts.
Observational (n=12)
High-density epicardial mapping demonstrates that persistent AF involves multiple foci with variable cycle lengths and nonrandom breakthrough sites.
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Supports multi-focal drivers in persistent AF; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before guiding therapy.
Lee et al. (2017) conducted an observational in Persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (n=12). High-density biatrial epicardial mapping was evaluated on Characterization of focal and nonrandom breakthrough activation. High-density biatrial epicardial mapping in 12 patients with persistent AF revealed multiple foci in 11 patients, with intermittency explained by spontaneous pauses or other wave fronts.
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