Key result
Perivascular fat attenuation index assesses vascular inflammation to offer promising non-invasive CVD risk stratification.
Why the study?
PVAT's bidirectional vascular communication and responsiveness position it as an indicator of vascular inflammation and a debated tool in CVD risk prediction.
Perivascular adipose tissue and its imaging via Fat Attenuation Index (FAI) represent a promising non-invasive tool for assessing vascular inflammation and predicting cardiovascular risk.
FAI may support non-invasive vascular inflammation assessment; leaves open its role in routine risk stratification pending prospective trials.
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) envelops the majority of systemic vessels, providing crucial mechanical support and vessel protection. In physiological conditions, PVAT releases various bioactive molecules, contributing to the anti-inflammatory environment around neighboring vessels. However, in conditions like obesity, PVAT can exacerbate cardiovascular issues such as atherosclerosis. Communication between PVAT and nearby vessels is bidirectional, with PVAT responding dynamically to signals from the vasculature. This responsiveness positions PVAT as a promising indicator of vascular inflammation. Recently, the role of PVAT in the CVD risk prediction is also greatly discussed. The objective of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge about the PVAT function, its role in physiologic and pathophysiologic processes and its potential in CVD risk prediction.
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Muffová et al. (2024) conducted a review in Cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Perivascular adipose tissue dynamically responds to vascular inflammation, and its assessment via the perivascular fat attenuation index offers a promising non-invasive tool for cardiovascular disease risk stratification.
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