Key result
HF is linked to a ~41% prevalence of cognitive impairment, with risk rising with age.
Why the study?
Cognitive impairment in HF patients carries a significant burden, but a synthesized determination of the prevalence and incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia was needed.
Meta-Analysis
Cognitive impairment and dementia are highly prevalent in heart failure patients, affecting approximately 41% and 20% respectively, highlighting a significant comorbidity that increases with age.
Cognitive burden in HF warrants clinical awareness and screening; leaves open whether HF therapies modify dementia risk.
INTRODUCTION: The burden of cognitive impairment in heart failure (HF) patients is significant and leads to longer hospital stay, higher readmission rates, and increased mortality. This review seeks to synthesize the available studies to determine the prevalence and incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia in HF patients. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, PsychoINFO, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched from their inception through to May 3, 2021. Study and population characteristics, total patients with HF, prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in HF patients, and cognitive assessment tool were abstracted by two reviewers. RESULTS: In HF patients, the overall prevalence for cognitive impairment and dementia was 41.42% (CI) and 19.79% (dementia), respectively. We performed a meta-regression analysis, which demonstrated that the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia increased with age. DISCUSSION: Further research should investigate whether HF accelerates the rate of cognitive decline and the progression of dementia.
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Yap et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in Heart failure. Heart failure (exposure) was evaluated on Prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia. Heart failure is associated with an overall prevalence of cognitive impairment of 41.42% and dementia of 19.79%, with meta-regression demonstrating that the risk increases with age.
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