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Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgements I would like to thank the following colleagues for their comments and critiques on earlier drafts of this article: Barbara Cruikshank, Sam Fayyaz, Pete Moore, Frederic Schaffer, and Lisa Wedeen. Earlier versions were presented at the New England Middle East Politics Workshop, the University of Massachusetts, Princeton University, and the annual conferences of the Middle East Studies Association, the American Political Science Association, the Cultural Studies Association, and the Law and Society Association. Generous funding for this project was received from the United States Institute of Peace and the National Science Foundation.
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Jillian Schwedler (2012) studied this question.
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