Analysis of Genetic Adaptation Mechanisms in Penicillium Fungi as a Basis for the Strategy for Their Biotechnological Application as Glucose Oxidase Producers

Whole genome sequencing two Penicillium species (P. adametzii and P. funiculosum) was carried out. Sequences of the main genes responsible for glucose oxidases synthesis and for adaptation to oxidative stress factors (hydrogen peroxide, ethanol) were determined. In submerged cultures, ethanol (1.0–2.0%) and H2O2 (0.2–1.0 mmol) were shown act as modulators of extracellular glucose oxidase synthesis (an increase of up to 27%). Dependences of expression of the genes encoding glucose oxidases, superoxide dismutase, peroxidases and catalase on the concentration of these stress factors were established. Ethanol was found to increase glucose oxidase genes expression and to inhibit expression of the genes encoding chaperone proteins responsible for the folding of this enzyme.