Why the study?
Diazoxide is associated with pulmonary hypertension, but no report had detailed the association between diazoxide dose and pulmonary hypertension development.
Does increased dosing of diazoxide induce pulmonary hypertension in infants with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia?
Does increased dosing of diazoxide induce pulmonary hypertension in infants with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia?
Diazoxide may induce pulmonary hypertension in a dose-dependent manner in infants, highlighting the need for close echocardiographic monitoring during dose escalations.
Diazoxide may associate with reversible pulmonary hypertension at higher doses in infants; hypothesis-generating case report leaves causality and monitoring open.
Diazoxide, a drug used to treat hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH), is associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH), as reported by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, no report has detailed the association between diazoxide dose and PH development. We report a case of an infant with HH, subsequently complicated by diazoxide-induced PH. When diazoxide was introduced, PH did not appear initially, but it developed during increased dosing. We monitored PH via regular echocardiography examinations. PH gradually improved with tapering of the diazoxide dose and disappeared after drug discontinuation. Our case suggests a diazoxide dose threshold might induce PH. Therefore, close echocardiography examinations should accompany diazoxide treatment.
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Ohnishi et al. (2020) studied this question.
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