Catestatin and proinflammatory cytokines as biomarkers of metabolic syndrome in combination with arterial hypertension and obstructive sleep APNEA syndrome in COVID-19 patients

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of metabolic disorders with a number of factors that increase cardiovascular risk. Arterial hypertension is one of the components associated with the development of metabolic syndrome, in addition to disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity. Currently, a causal relationship between OSA and MS has been determined, represented by the fact that intermittent hypoxia occurs in OSA, as well as fragmentation of sleep. The transferred coronavirus infection is clearly associated with an increase in the parameters of the lipidogram, as well as the value of the average SAD and DAD per day, the number of complications from the cardiovascular system in patients with hypertension. The aim was to study the characteristics of the level of catestatin and proinflammatory cytokines in patients with metabolic syndrome in combination with arterial hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in patients who underwent COVID-19. Materials and methods: The study included 88 male patients with MS and hypertension. Depending on the presence or absence of a history of coronavirus infection, patients were divided into 2 groups: the number of subjects in group 1 (n= 51), in the second group (n=37). All patients with grade 1-3 hypertension, with the achieved target blood pressure level. The age of the subjects was 30-70 years. All patients underwent: collection of complaints and anamnesis, assessment of body mass index (BMI); determination of the lipid spectrum, blood glucose, glomerular filtration rate. The ELISA method determined catestatin, interleukins 1, 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Instrumental studies were carried out: cardiorespiratory monitoring. Results: when assessing traditional risk factors, it was revealed: a direct relationship between the level of IL-6 and the stage of hypertension (r=0.90; p=0.0355), as well as the relationship between BMI and episodes of anpoe for more than 40 seconds (r=0.89; p=0.0107). Intra-group correlation analysis of the data revealed a direct statistically significant relationship between IAG and degree of AH (r=0.86; p=0.0184)