Why the study?
Air entrapment has been described as a cause of inappropriate shock in patients after S-ICD implantation, but literature data regarding this complication are lacking.
Air entrapment is an early complication of S-ICD implantation causing inappropriate shocks, which can be diagnosed by chest X-ray and device interrogation and managed by reprogramming the sensing vector.
Prompts early chest x-ray and sensing vector assessment after S-ICD implant; extends evidence on reversible causes of inappropriate shocks.
BACKGROUND: Air entrapment has been recently described as a cause of inappropriate shock (IAS) among patients who underwent subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) implantation. Data about this complication are lacking in the literature. METHODS: In this meta-summary 14 case reports describing IAS due to air entrapment were included. Patients' characteristics, S-ICD implant technique and air entrapment properties were collected. RESULTS: All patients experienced IAS within 4 days following S-ICD implant. The subcutaneous air was demonstrated by chest x-ray in 11 cases (73.3%). The sensing vector was reprogrammed in 11 cases (73.3%), and ICD was switched off in 2 cases (1.3%). CONCLUSIONS: IAS due to air entrapment is an early complication of S-ICD implant. No association was observed between the implant technique and air retention. Diagnosis is confirmed by chest x-ray and device interrogation. Management includes switching off the device or, preferably, changing the sensing vector.
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Iavarone et al. (2022) studied this question.
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