Pharmacologic Treatment of Hypertension in Older Adults

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Age-based variations in guideline recommendations for initiation of antihypertensive pharmacotherapy based on systolic blood pressure measurements among non-frail, non-institutionalized persons. aAdditional risk factors include target organ damage, established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), renal disease, diabetes, estimated 10 year cardiovascular disease risk ≥10%. bHigh-risk conditions include age ≥75 years, clinical or subclinical ASCVD, chronic kidney disease, or 10 year Framingham risk score ≥15%. ACC, American College of Cardiology; ACP, American College of Physicians; AAFP, the American Academy of Family Physicians; ESH, European Society of Hypertension; NICE, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; VA/DoD, Veterans Affairs/Department of Defense.

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  Fig. 2. BRACE acronym to guide antihypertensive treatment selections for the older adult. ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ADE, adverse drug event; ARB, angiotensin-II receptor blocker; BP, blood pressure; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CVD, cardiovascular disease; TZD, thiazidelike or thiazidetype diuretic.

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  Fig. 3. Step-by-step guide to shared decision-making in hypertension management in older adults.