Key result
Modern echocardiography, particularly through strain imaging and diastolic function assessment, significantly aids in diagnosing, staging, and understanding the progression of heart failure.
Why the study?
Heart failure diagnosis, staging, etiology, and response to therapy rely on echocardiography, but an approach linking disease progression to modern echocardiographic assessment across various stages and clinical scenarios was needed.
Echocardiography plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, staging, and pathophysiological understanding of heart failure, particularly through advanced techniques like strain imaging and diastolic function assessment.
May inform HF diagnostic approaches now; leaves open prospective validation of outcome impact.
Although heart failure (HF) is often defined clinically, it has a large pre-clinical spectrum and its diagnosis, staging, response to therapy, and etiology are often determined by echocardiography. Understanding of pathophysiologic nuances in HF is significantly aided by the novel parameters that modern echocardiography can assess today, especially in the field of diastolic function and imaging of strain. This article attempts to link the understanding of the progression of HF with an applicable echocardiographic approach to patients at any point in this progression, sometimes in special clinical scenarios. It also conveys that how systolic and diastolic dysfunction is not mutually exclusive but can be assessed separately or simultaneously. Early HF can be subclassified based on myocardial deformation being dysfunctional either longitudinally or circumferentially. An insight into right ventricular evaluation is also included here.
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Pinto et al. (2021) conducted a review in Heart failure. Echocardiography was evaluated. Modern echocardiography, particularly through strain imaging and diastolic function assessment, significantly aids in diagnosing, staging, and understanding the progression of heart failure.
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