Key result
Metformin use in heart failure patients with and without T2DM was safe, with plasma metformin and lactate concentrations remaining below safety thresholds in 99.9% of cases.
Why the study?
This study investigated the safe use of metformin in patients with heart failure both with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Does metformin use in heart failure patients with and without T2DM result in safe plasma lactate concentrations?
Cross-Sectional (n=118)
Does metformin use in heart failure patients with and without T2DM result in safe plasma lactate concentrations?
Metformin appears safe in heart failure patients with and without T2DM, as plasma lactate concentrations remained below safety thresholds and pharmacokinetics were similar irrespective of T2DM status.
Metformin may be safe in HF; cohort data leaves open randomized confirmation.
AIMS: This study investigated the safe use of metformin in patients with (1) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and heart failure on metformin, and (2) heart failure without T2DM and metformin naïve. METHODS: Two prospective studies on heart failure patients were undertaken. The first was a cross-sectional study with two patient cohorts, one with T2DM on metformin (n = 44) and one without T2DM metformin naive (n = 47). The second was a 12-week interventional study of patients without T2DM (n = 27) where metformin (500 mg immediate release, twice daily) was prescribed. Plasma metformin and lactate concentrations were monitored. Individual pharmacokinetics were compared between cohorts. Univariable and multivariable analysis analysed the effects of variables on plasma lactate concentrations. RESULTS: Plasma metformin and lactate concentrations mostly (99.9%) remained below safety thresholds (5 mg/L and 5 mmol/L, respectively). Metformin concentration had no significant relationship with lactic acidosis safety markers. In the interventional study, New York Heart Association (NYHA) II (P < .03) and III (P < .001) grading was associated with higher plasma lactate concentrations, whereas male sex was associated with 47% higher plasma lactate concentrations (P < .05). The pharmacokinetics of heart failure patients with and without T2DM were similar. CONCLUSIONS: We observed no unsafe plasma lactate concentrations in patients with heart failure treated with metformin. Metformin exposure did not influence plasma lactate concentrations, but NYHA class and sex did. The pharmacokinetics of metformin in heart failure patients are similar irrespective of T2DM. These findings may support the safe use of metformin in heart failure patients with and without T2DM.
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Chowdhury et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Heart failure (n=118). Metformin vs. Metformin naive was evaluated on Plasma metformin and lactate concentrations remaining below safety thresholds (5 mg/L and 5 mmol/L). Metformin use in heart failure patients with and without T2DM was safe, with plasma metformin and lactate concentrations remaining below safety thresholds in 99.9% of cases.
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