Why the study?
Congenital heart disease is the most common anatomical malformation in live-born infants, but the epidemiological evidence, clinical observations, and mechanistic models linking maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus to offspring CHD risk needed review to improve prenatal detection and prevention.
Does maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus increase the risk of congenital heart disease in offspring?
Does maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus increase the risk of congenital heart disease in offspring?
Maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus are recognized risk factors for congenital heart disease in offspring, emphasizing the importance of preconception and prenatal care.
Supports targeted preconception counseling; leaves open need for interventional trials to confirm risk reduction.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common anatomical malformation occurring live-born infants and an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality across the lifespan and throughout the world. Population-based observations have long described associations between maternal cardiometabolic disorders and the risk of CHD in the offspring. Here we review the epidemiological evidence and clinical observations relating maternal obesity and diabetes mellitus to the risk of CHD offspring with particular attention to mechanistic models of maternal-fetal risk transmission and first trimester disturbances of fetal cardiac development. A deeper understanding of maternal risk factors holds the potential to improve both prenatal detection of CHD by identifying at-risk pregnancies, along with primary prevention of disease by improving preconception and prenatal treatment of at-risk mothers.
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Helle et al. (2020) studied this question.
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