Diastolic Function Predicts Outcome After Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Chronic Severe Aortic Regurgitation

BACKGROUND: Due to eccentric hypertrophy and fibrosis, patients with severe aortic regurgitation (AR) have diastolic dysfunction. Increased fibrosis correlates with increased myocardial stiffness and worsening of diastolic function. Patients with irreversible left ventricular (LV) dysfunction have severe myocardial fibrosis and myocyte apoptosis and do not benefit from aortic valve replacement (AVR). HYPOTHESIS: To investigate whether diastolic properties of LV predicts outcome after AVR in patients with chronic severe AR and LV systolic dysfunction. METHODS: The study population consisted of 41 patients with chronic severe AR and LV systolic dysfunction. Preoperative echocardiographic examinations were repeated at the postoperative 6th month. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated. Diastolic function was evaluated with Doppler echocardiography. Patients were classified as Group 1 (impaired relaxation), Group 2 (pseudonormalization), and Group 3 (restrictive pattern). RESULTS: Postoperative LVEF was significantly increased in Group 1, whereas it tended to decrease in Group 3. Left ventricular size was significantly decreased in Group 1 and 2 during the postoperative period. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that deceleration time and early/late ratio were independent predictors of postoperative changes in LVEF. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of diastolic function is a reliable parameter in predicting outcome of AVR in patients with chronic AR and systolic dysfunction.