Key result
Low physical activity is linked to a ~4-fold higher risk of depression in hypertension.
Why the study?
Depressive symptoms in hypertensive individuals can worsen cardio-cerebrovascular disease and mortality, but few studies have evaluated how physical activity and sleep duration relate to depressive symptoms.
Are physical activity and sleep duration associated with depressive symptoms in adult patients with hypertension?
Cross-Sectional (n=846)
Are physical activity and sleep duration associated with depressive symptoms in adult patients with hypertension?
Odds Ratio: 4.42 (95% CI 2.19–8.89)
In Korean adults with hypertension, moderate to vigorous physical activity and both short and long sleep durations are associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms.
Depressive symptoms among individuals with hypertension may increase the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, disease burden, and mortality. However, few studies have examined the relationships among physical activity, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms. Thus, this cross-sectional study examined the associations of physical activity and sleep duration with depressive symptoms in individuals with hypertension. We analyzed data collected as part of the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which included 846 patients with hypertension aged 19 or older. The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms was around 11.2%. A logistic regression analysis showed that moderate to vigorous physical activity (odds ratio (OR) = 4.42; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.19⁻8.89) and short (OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.11⁻4.28) and long sleep duration (OR = 4.09; 95% CI = 1.83⁻9.13) increased the risk of depressive symptoms after adjusting for confounding factors. Additionally, older age and low educational levels were associated with depressive symptoms. Our findings highlight that physical activity and sleep duration should be key components of lifestyle modification among hypertensive patients with depressive symptoms. Further investigation might benefit from validating these findings using a longitudinal design and examining the mediating effects of physical activity and/or sleep duration on the relationship between individual characteristics and depressive symptoms.
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Son et al. (2018) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension and depressive symptoms (n=846). Low physical activity and abnormal sleep duration vs. Moderate to vigorous physical activity and normal sleep duration was evaluated on Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) (OR 4.42, 95% CI 2.19-8.89). Low physical activity (OR 4.42), short sleep duration (OR 2.18), and long sleep duration (OR 4.09) were significantly associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in patients with hypertension.
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