Key result
The proposed merging attenuation function successfully integrated cardiac electrophysiological activity with anatomical structure, providing detailed 3D visualization of action potential propagation.
A novel biophysical merging visualization method successfully integrates cardiac electrophysiological models with 3D anatomical structures, providing a tool for analyzing cardiac functional mechanisms.
May aid preclinical cardiac modeling; leaves open human validation and clinical utility.
BACKGROUND: Electrophysiological behavior is of great importance for analyzing the cardiac functional mechanism under cardiac physiological and pathological condition. Due to the complexity of cardiac structure and biophysiological function, visualization of a cardiac electrophysiological model compositively is still a challenge. The lack of either modality of the whole organ structure or cardiac electrophysiological behaviors makes analysis of the intricate mechanisms of cardiac dynamic function a difficult task. This study aims at exploring 3D conduction of stimulus and electrical excitation reactivity on the level of organ with the authentic fine cardiac anatomy structure. METHODS: In this paper, a cardiac electrical excitation propagation model is established based on the human cardiac cross-sectional data to explore detailed cardiac electrical activities. A novel biophysical merging visualization method is then presented for biophysical integration of cardiac anatomy and electrophysiological properties in the form of the merging optical model, which provides the corresponding position, spatial relationship and the whole process in 3D space with the context of anatomical structure for representing the biophysical detailed electrophysiological activity. RESULTS: The visualization result present the action potential propagation of the left ventricle within the excitation cycle with the authentic fine cardiac organ anatomy. In the visualized images, all vital organs are identified and distinguished without ambiguity. The three dimensional spatial position, relation and the process of cardiac excitation conduction and re-entry propagation in the anatomical structure during the phase of depolarization and repolarization is also shown in the result images, which exhibits the performance of a more detailed biophysical understanding of the electrophysiological kinetics of human heart in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the proposed merging optical model can merge cardiac electrophysiological activity with the anatomy structure. By specifying the respective opacity for the cardiac anatomy structure and the electrophysiological model in the merging attenuation function, the visualized images can provide an in-depth insight into the biophysical detailed cardiac functioning phenomena and the corresponding electrophysiological behavior mechanism, which is helpful for further speculating cardiac physiological and pathological responses and is fundamental to the cardiac research and clinical diagnoses.
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Yang et al. (2017) studied Cardiac electrophysiology visualization (n=1). Merging attenuation function (MAF) visualization method vs. Traditional light transport model was evaluated on Visualization of cardiac action potential propagation and re-entry. The proposed merging attenuation function successfully integrated cardiac electrophysiological activity with anatomical structure, providing detailed 3D visualization of action potential propagation.
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