Key result
Ischemic heart failure was associated with significantly higher 2-year mortality compared to nonischemic heart failure (57.8% vs. 39.5%, P=0.003) in patients admitted with acute heart failure.
Why the study?
Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, prompting this study to describe the clinical epidemiology of HF in a tertiary care setting and evaluate factors increasing mortality risk.
Cohort (n=355)
No
In a South Indian tertiary care setting, acute heart failure carries a high 2-year mortality of 50.4%, with ischemic etiology, older age, diastolic dysfunction, and high total leukocyte count as key predictors.
Ischemic etiology signals higher long-term mortality risk after acute HF admission; leaves open whether targeted strategies improve outcomes.
Background: Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. We sought to describe the clinical epidemiology of HF from a representative sample in a tertiary care setting and to evaluate the factors which could increase the mortality risk in the study patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out among patients who had been admitted with a diagnosis of acute HF from 2013 to 2017. Demographic data, history, laboratory investigations, data on medication clinical variables, and in-hospital outcomes were obtained from the patient's hospital records. The patients were assessed through the telephonic interview for mortality outcomes. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and all values of P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 355 acute heart failure (AHF) patients were included in the study with a mean age of 57.78 ± 12.78 years. The most common etiologies among the study patients were ischemic heart disease (58%) and Dilated Cardiomyopathy (24.79%). The in-hospital and 2-year mortality was found to be 104 (29.3%) and 179 (50.4%), respectively. The 2-year mortality was significantly higher in patients with ischemic HF than that of nonischemic HF (119 [57.8%] vs. 58 [39.5%], P = 0.003). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that elderly age, the presence of diastolic dysfunction and higher levels of total leukocyte count (TLC) were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion: The mortality rate in AHF is higher among ischemic HF than nonischemic HF. The major factors contributing to the 2-year mortality rate among AHF were elderly age, diastolic dysfunction, and high-TLC.
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George et al. (2019) conducted a cohort in Acute heart failure (n=355). Ischemic heart failure vs. Nonischemic heart failure was evaluated on 2-year mortality (p=0.003). Ischemic heart failure was associated with significantly higher 2-year mortality compared to nonischemic heart failure (57.8% vs. 39.5%, P=0.003) in patients admitted with acute heart failure.
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