Detection of coronary stenosis with myocardial contrast echocardiography using regadenoson, a selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist

AIMS: Regadenoson is comparable to adenosine in pharmacologic radionuclide stress tests but has not been studied with stress myocardial contrast echocardiography. This study assessed the haemodynamic profile and ability of regadenoson, a novel selective A(2A) receptor agonist, to detect coronary artery stenosis during myocardial contrast echocardiography. METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed to measure myocardial blood volume, myocardial blood flow velocity, and total regional myocardial blood flow before and after administration of regadenoson (5 µg kg(-1), 10 s bolus) in 10 open-chest dogs with mild-to-moderate coronary stenosis that was not flow limiting at rest. Regadenoson decreased blood pressure but did not change heart rate. It increased coronary blood flow significantly (P < 0.05) for 30 min, which was attenuated in proportion to coronary stenosis severity. Whereas myocardial blood volume maximally increased by 0.5-0.75-fold in the control region, it did not change in the region supplied by the non-flow limiting stenosis. Perfusion defects were visually and quantitatively detectable for as long as 10 min after administration of regadenoson. No arrhythmias were noted with regadenoson either prior to or during myocardial contrast echocardiography. CONCLUSION: Regadenoson can be used as a vasodilator stress agent with myocardial contrast echocardiography to detect the presence of physiologically significant coronary stenosis. The optimum time for image acquisition was 3-10 min after drug administration.