Population
Blood-perfused canine right ventricle papillary muscle preparation
Design
Preclinical
Follow-up
10 to 20 hours
Authors
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Frequency-dependent contractility appears intrinsic to ventricular muscle; leaves open translation to human physiology or disease states.
The frequency-force relationship is an inherent characteristic of ventricular muscle with sufficient blood supply, independent of autonomic or sodium channel blockade.
Endoh et al. (1970) studied this question.
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