Key result
Enalapril and, to a lesser extent, captopril reversed cognitive impairment and depressed mood associated with high arterial blood pressure.
Why the study?
Do captopril and enalapril improve cognition and depressed mood in patients with mild to moderate hypertension?
Observational (n=54)
Do captopril and enalapril improve cognition and depressed mood in patients with mild to moderate hypertension?
Treatment with ACE inhibitors, particularly enalapril, may reverse cognitive impairment and depressed mood associated with mild to moderate hypertension.
Hypothesis-generating for cognitive and mood benefits of ACE inhibitors in hypertension; prospective trials needed before clinical adoption.
UNLABELLED: In this study, we evaluate the effects of two angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), captopril and enalapril given chronically as antihypertensive treatment, on certain cognitive and emotional processes in humans. Thirty-nine subjects with mild to moderate hypertension and fifteen normotensive controls were divided into four groups consisting of normotensive and hypertensive subjects taking captopril, enalapril, or no medication at all. The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Wechsler Memory Scale were used to evaluate their cognitive functioning. Mood changes in all subjects were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory and the Hopkins Symptom Check- list (HSC). RESULTS: Untreated hypertensive patients scored lower than normotensive controls in cognitive tests and significantly worse in cumulative recall (P < 0.05) and paired words association (P < 0.01). When compared with normotensive subjects, untreated hypertensive patients also scored significantly higher on the depression with anxiety subscale in HSC (P < 0.05). No significant influence of hypertension was found in any other examined aspect of cognition and mood. In most cases captopril improved and enalapril reversed the adverse memory effects of hypertension. High arterial blood pressure is significantly associated with an impairment of cognition and the occurrence of depression with anxiety in humans. Enalapril and, to a lesser extent, captopril reversed these deficits.
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Braszko et al. (2003) conducted an observational in Mild to moderate hypertension (n=54). Captopril and enalapril vs. Untreated hypertensive patients and normotensive controls was evaluated on Cognitive functioning and mood changes. Enalapril and, to a lesser extent, captopril reversed cognitive impairment and depressed mood associated with high arterial blood pressure.
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