Neumonía Complicada por Absceso Pulmonar y Derrame Pleural. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Pneumonia is an acute lung infection that can lead to severe complications, such as pulmonary abscesses and pleural effusions. It is estimated to be responsible for 15% of hospitalizations in children under five, with complications occurring in 5-10% of cases. In this context, we present the clinical case of a 5-year-old patient with cough, high fever, and respiratory distress, supported by clinical and laboratory criteria confirming the diagnosis of complicated pneumonia. A review of the literature on the disease, its complications, diagnosis, and treatment emphasizes the importance of timely detection and management to reduce complications and promote effective recovery. This case emphasizes the complexity of managing complicated pneumonia in pediatrics, where surgical intervention was essential. Multidisciplinary follow-up facilitated recovery, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.