Key result
Exercise induces highly variable cardiovascular responses among vertebrates across HR, SV, and arterial pressure.
Why the study?
Cardiovascular responses to exercise vary across vertebrates and cannot be viewed through an exclusively anthropocentric lens.
How does the cardiovascular system respond to exercise across different vertebrate species?
How does the cardiovascular system respond to exercise across different vertebrate species?
This review highlights the significant variability in cardiovascular physiological responses to exercise across different vertebrate species.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Variable exercise hemodynamics across vertebrates caution against direct human extrapolation; leaves translational applications open for targeted study.
Exercise is the greatest stress for the cardiovascular system, not only for the human being but for the rest of vertebrates. For this reason, the cardiovascular response cannot be considered as only one “anthropocentric” meaning. The adjustment of cardiac output to exercise in the five large groups of vertebrates is highly variable. The response of the heart rate and the stroke volume as the main two basic factors that determine the increase in cardiac output is also highly variable. The difference in the range of heart rate is difficult to determine in many vertebrates, both at rest and maximum effort. The increase in stroke volume also differs among vertebrates. For example, while rainbow trout and leopard increase their stroke volume by increasing final diastolic volume (Frank Starling's law), humans do so at the expense of both increasing final diastolic volume and reducing final stroke volume (contractility). The variation in arterial pressure that occurs during exercise also differs considerably among vertebrates. Large differences in cardiovascular response between different vertebrates could be related to their habitat or living environment. This review aims to analyze the cardiovascular response to exercise, as the most common stress condition in vertebrates.
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López-Román et al. (2023) conducted a review in Cardiovascular response to exercise. Exercise vs. Rest was evaluated on Cardiovascular response (heart rate, stroke volume, arterial pressure). Exercise induces highly variable cardiovascular responses among vertebrates, with significant differences in heart rate, stroke volume, and arterial pressure adjustments.
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