Aortic Valve Calcium Score in Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement Surgery

Introduction: The calcium score of the aortic valve is a simple and rapid method that allows to evaluate the degree of calcification emerging as a non-invasive technique in the preoperative period that allows to assess the severity of the aortic stenosis and the possible adverse events of the surgery. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in patients with aortic valve disease who underwent surgery at Provincial University Heart Center “Ernesto Guevara”, Villa Clara, from September 2019 to March 2021. Result: Patients aged 60 to 69 years (47.5%), male sex (85%), with hypertension (87.5%) and coffee consumption (77.5%) being the most frequent history and toxic habit. In (80%) of cases, the main diagnosis was aortic stenosis, and the most frequent electrocardiographic finding was sinus rhythm (97.5%). Echocardiographic variables, normal LVEF (75%). With predominance by the degree of stenosis according to the valvular area (85%), peak speed and peak gradient with (62.5%) respectively and medium gradient (65%). Conclusion: Stenosis with peak, medium and moderate peak velocity gradient presented the highest values of calcium score of the aortic valve. Most of the operated patients show moderate, severe calcium score, unrelated to the coronary calcium score. In the intraoperative variables, the very calcified aortic valve predominated, anoxic arrest and prolonged extracorporeal circulation, which were in the severe form of the valvular calcium score. The most frequent post-surgical complications are anemia, atrioventricular rhythm and conduction disorders, and pleural effusion.