Key result
Leandra dasytricha leaf extract lowers blood pressure by ~24 mmHg in preclinical rat models.
Why the study?
Leandra dasytricha is commonly used for cardiovascular and kidney ailments, prompting investigation into its effects on isolated aorta relaxation and arterial blood pressure.
Does the ethyl acetate fraction from Leandra dasytricha leaves reduce blood pressure and promote vasorelaxation in normotensive and hypertensive rats?
Does the ethyl acetate fraction from Leandra dasytricha leaves reduce blood pressure and promote vasorelaxation in normotensive and hypertensive rats?
The ethyl acetate fraction of Leandra dasytricha leaves demonstrated significant endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant and hypotensive effects in normotensive and hypertensive rat models.
Does not support clinical use; leaves open translation of Leandra dasytricha vasorelaxant effects to human hypertension.
Leandra dasytricha (A. Gray) Cong. is widely distributed in the south of Brazil and is commonly used for cardiovascular and kidney ailments. For this study, we used male Wistar normotensive rats (NTRs) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) to verify the effects of the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) obtained from L. dasytricha leaves on isolated aorta relaxation and in the arterial blood pressure. The EAF was analyzed by LC-DAD-MS, and several components were annotated, including hydrolysable tannins, triterpenes, and O- and C-glycosylated dihydrochalcones, such as the most intense ion peak relative to C-hexosyl phloretin (nothofagin; compound number 13). The EAF caused a concentration and endothelium-dependent relaxation of the aorta in both NTRs and SHRs. This effect was abolished in the endothelium-denuded aorta. L-NAME, a nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, and ODQ, a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor, entirely blocked the EAF-induced relaxation. The presence of a muscarinic receptor antagonist or a cyclooxygenase inhibitor did not alter the EAF's effectiveness in relaxing the aorta. The preincubation with tetraethylammonium, a Ca2+-activated K+ channel blocker, and with 4-aminopyridine, a voltage-dependent K+ channel blocker, significantly interfered with the EAF's relaxation. However, the incubation with glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker, and barium chloride, an inward-rectifier K+ channel blocker, did not interfere with the EAF-induced relaxation. The EAF treatment also caused a dose-dependent decrease in the mean arterial pressure, systolic arterial pressure, and diastolic arterial pressure of both NTRs and SHRs, without significantly interfering with heart rate values. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the EAF-induced vasorelaxant and hypotensive actions, primarily dependent on the endothelium function and mainly with the participation of the nitric oxide and Ca2+-activated and voltage-dependent K+ channels.
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Silva et al. (2021) studied Hypertension (Preclinical model). Ethyl acetate fraction of Leandra dasytricha leaves vs. Vehicle was evaluated on Mean arterial pressure, systolic arterial pressure, and diastolic arterial pressure (Reduction of ~24 mm Hg in NTRs and ~21 mm Hg in SHRs at 3 mg/kg). The ethyl acetate fraction of Leandra dasytricha leaves reduced blood pressure by approximately 24 mmHg in normotensive rats and 21 mmHg in hypertensive rats at the highest tested dose of 3 mg/kg.
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